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        在高层建筑中，由于温度、沉降、防震等原因，常在某些部位留设缝隙，这些缝隙将高层建筑划分为若干个结构独立的部分，这就是我们通常说的变形缝。变形缝的设置可以解决高层建筑产生的过大变形和内力问题，但却又产生许多新的问题。如立面处理困难、地下部分渗漏、防水困难等等，而更具隐蔽性和危险性的是建筑防火问题。变形缝上下贯通整个建筑物，嵌缝材料具有一定的燃烧性，而且此处涉及的部位不大，常不引起人们的注意，由于存在烟囱效应，火势和烟气可以通过此部位迅速蔓延扩大，从而导致垂直防火分区完全失效，具有很大的危险性。

       变形缝分为温度缝、沉降缝、防震缝三种。温度缝又称为伸缩缝，高层建筑结构不仅平面尺度大，而且竖向高度也很大，温度变化和混凝土收缩不仅会产生水平方向的变形和内力，而且也会产生竖向的变形和内力。当采取下面一些必要的构造措施和施工措施时也可以在较长的区段上不设温度缝。1、在温度影响较大的部分提高配筋率；2、加厚屋面隔热保温层；3、施工中留后浇带。

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